Binary to decimal conversion

tag (which should be the only one) include an id parameter and call it "index". This will make your tag look like this:

Do not modify the first tag, as it's usually an introduction and you want that on the first page. For each other

tag, include the id parameter and name it. A name should include only alphanumeric characters, and it should be short enough to understand what it is. Note Pick section IDs intelligently We all know that Cool URIs Don't Change. This means your ids should not change either. Unless of course the content for the id has changed substantially and the id name is no longer relevant. Warning HTML file name generation using Jade If you are using Jade to transform your DocBook into HTML you must use the following parameter: -V %use-id-as-filename%. ________________________________________________________________ D.9.2. Headers and Footers There is no "easy" way to add headers and footers to your document. If you are using DocBook XSL and doing your own document transformations you may customize the XSL template to suit your needs. For more information read [http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/HTMLHeaders.html] http://www.sagehill.net/docbookxsl/HTMLHeaders.html. ________________________________________________________________ Appendix E. Converting Documents to DocBook XML A variety of free and commercial tools exist for doing "up conversion" of non-XML formats to DocBook. A few are listed here for your convenience. A more comprehensive list is available from [http://wiki.docbook.org/topic/ConvertOtherFormatsToDocBook] Convert Other Formats to DocBook. ________________________________________________________________ E.1. Text to DocBook The txt2docbook tool allows one to convert a ascii (README-like) file to a valid docbook xml document. It simplifies the publishing of rather small papers significantly. The input format was inspired by the APT-Convert tool from [http://www.xmlmind.com/aptconvert.html] http://www.xmlmind.com/aptconvert.html. The script can be downloaded from [http://txt2docbook.sourceforge.net/] http://txt2docbook.sourceforge.net/. ________________________________________________________________ E.2. OpenOffice.org to DocBook As of [http://www.openoffice.org] OpenOffice.org (OOo) 1.1RC there has been support for exporting files to DocBook format. Although OOo uses the full DocBook document type declaration, it does not actually export the full list of DocBook elements. It uses a "simplified" DocBook tag set which is geared to on-the-fly rendering. (Although it is not the official Simplified DocBook which is described in Section B.5.) The OpenOffice simplified (or "special" docbook) is available from [http://www.chez.com/ebellot/ooo2sdbk/] http://www.chez.com/ebellot/ooo2sdbk/. ________________________________________________________________ E.2.1. Open Office 1.0.x OOo has been tested by LDP volunteers with mostly positive results. Thanks to Charles Curley ([http://www.charlescurley.com] charlescurley.com) for the following notes on using OOo version 1.0.x: Note Check the version of your OpenOffice These notes may not apply to the version of OOo you are using. * To be able to export to DocBook, you must have a Java runtime environment (JRE) installed and registered with OOo--a minimum of version 4.2.x is recommended. The configuration instructions will depend on how you installed your JRE. Visit the OOo web site for help with your setup. Contrary to the OOo documentation, the Linux OOo did not come with a JRE. I got one from Sun. * The exported file has lots of empty lines. My 54 line exported file had 5 lines of actual XML code. * There was no effort at pretty printing. * The header is: * The pull-down menu in the File->Save As dialog box for file format indicates that the export format is "DocBook (simplified)." There is no explanation of what that "simplified" indicates. Does OOo export a subset of DocBook? If so, which elements are ignored? Is there any way to enter any of them manually? * There is NO documentation on the DocBook export filter or whether OOo will import it again. Conclusions: OOo 1.1RC is worth looking at if you want a word processor for preparing DocBook documents. However, I hope they cure the lack of documentation. For one thing, it would be nice to know which native OOo styles map to which DocBook elements. It would also be nice to know how to map one's own OOo styles to DocBook elements. ________________________________________________________________ E.2.2. Open Office 1.1 [http://www.merlinmonroe.com] Tabatha Marshall offers the following additional information for OOo 1.1. The first problem was when I tried to do everything on version 1.0.1. That was obviously a problem. I have RH8, and it was installed via rpm packages, so I ripped it out and did a full, new install of OpenOffice 1.1. It took a while to find out 1.1 was a requirement for XML to work. During the install process I believe I was offered the choice to install the XML features. I have a tendency to do full installs of my office programs, so I selected everything. I can't offer any advice to those trying to update their current OO 1.1. Their "3 ways" aren't documented very well at the site ([http://xml.openoffice.org] xml.openoffice.org) and as of this writing, I can't even find THAT on their site anymore. I think more current documentation is needed there to walk people through the process. Most of this was unclear and I had to pretty much experiment to get things working. Well, after I installed everything I had some configuration to do. I opened the application, and got started by opening a new file, choosing templates, then selecting the DocBook template. A nice menu of Paragraph Styles popped up for me, which are the names for all those tags, I noticed (you can see I don't use WYSIWYG often). With a blank doc before me (couldn't get to the XML Filter Settings menu unless some type of doc was opened), I went into Tools->XML Filter Settings, and edited the entry for DocBook file. I configured mine as follows: * Doctype -//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.2//EN * DTD http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd * XSLT for export /usr/local/OpenOffice.org1.1.0/share/xslt/docbook/ldp-html.xsl * XSLT for import /usr/local/OpenOffice.org1.1.0/share/xslt/docbook/docbooktosoffhe adings.xsl (this is the default) * Template for import /home/tabatha/OpenOffice/user/template/DocBook File/DocBookTemplate.stw At first, if I opened an XML file that had even one parsing error, it would just open the file anyway and display the markup in OO. I have many XML files that use © and other types of entities which show up as parse errors (depending on the encoding) even though they can be processed through. But today I was unable to open any of those files. I got input/output errors instead. Still investigating that one. However when you do successfully open a document (one parsing with no errors), it puts it automatically into WYSIWYG based on the markup, and you can then work from the paragraph styles menu like any other such editor. To validate the document, I used Tools->XML Filter Settings, then clicked the Test XSLTs button. On my screen, I set up the XSLT for export to be ldp-html.xsl. If you test and there are errors, a new window pops up with error messages at the bottom, and the lines that need to be changed up at the top. You can change them there and progress through the errors until they're all gone, and keep testing until they're gone. If you want to open a file to see the source instead of the processed results, go to Tools->XML Filter Settings->Test XSLTs, and then under the Import section, check the Display Source box. My import XSLT is currently docbooktosoffheadings.xsl (the default) and the template for import is DocBookTemplate.stw (also default). I think this might work for some people, but unfortunately not for me. I've never used WYSIWYG to edit markup. Emacs with PSGML can tell me what my next tag is no matter where I am, validate by moving through the trouble spots, and I can parse and process from command line. With OpenOffice, you have to visit [http://xml.openoffice.org/filters.html] http://xml.openoffice.org/filters.html to find conversion tools. ________________________________________________________________ E.3. Microsoft Word to DocBook Even if you want to use MS Word to write your documents, you may find [http://www.docsoft.com/w2xmlv2.htm] w2XML useful. Note that this is not free software--the cost is around $130USD. There is, however, a trial version of the software. ________________________________________________________________ E.4. LaTeX to DocBook Siep Kroonenberg reports that there is a package tex4ht [http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/] http://www.cse.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/TeX4ht/ that converts TeX and LaTeX to various flavors of XML. Currently, its support for DocBook output is limited. If you want to use tex4ht in its current state for LDP you will probably have to hack your LaTeX source beforehand and the generated XML afterwords. ________________________________________________________________ E.5. LyX to DocBook This section is contributed by Chris Karakas. You can use the LyX-to-X package to write your document conveniently in LyX (a visual editor originally developped as a graphical frontend to LaTeX), then export it to DocBook SGML and submit it to The LDP. This method is presented by [http://www.karakas-online.de] Chris Karakas Document processing with LyX and SGML. In the LyX-to-X project, LyX is used as a comfortable graphical SGML editor. Once the document is exported to SGML from LyX, it undergoes a series of transformations through sed and awk scripts that correct the SGML code, computes the Index, inserts the Bibliography and the Appendix and takes care of the correct invocation of openjade, pdftex, pdfjadetex and all the other necessary programs for the generation of HTML (chunked or not), PDF (with images, bookmarks, thumbnails and hyperlinks), PS, RTF and TXT versions. All aspects of document processing are handled, including automatic Index generation, display of Mathematics in TeX quality both online and in print formats, as well as the use of bibliographic databases with [http://refdb.sourceforge.net/] RefDB. Special care is taken so that the document processing is as transparent to the user as possible - the aim being that the user writes in LyX, then presses a button, and the LyX-to-X script does the rest. Download the documentation and the LyX-to-X package from the [http://www.karakas-online.de/mySGML/formats.html] Formats section. ________________________________________________________________ E.6. DocBook to DocBook Transformations E.6.1. XML and SGML DocBook There are a few changes between DocBook XML and SGML. Handling these differences should be relatively easy for most small documents, and many authors will not need to make any changes to convert their documents other than the XML and DocBook declarations at the start of their document. For others, here is a list of what you should keep in mind when converting your documents from SGML to XML. Note Differences between XML and SGML elements An XML element typically has three parts: the start tag, the content (your words) and the end tag. Qualifiers are added in the start tag and are known as attributes. They will always have a name and a quoted value. /usr/local The start tag contains one attribute (class) with a value of "directory". The end tag (also filename) must not contain any attributes. * Element names (tags) and their attributes are case-dependent--typically lowercase. The following will not validate because the end tag is uppercase: This part will fail XML validation * All attributes in the start tag must be "quoted". This can be either single (') or double (") quotes, but not reverse (`) or "smart quotes". The quote used to start a name="value" pair must be the same quote used at the end of the value. In other words: "this" would validate, but 'that" would not. * Tags that have a start tag, but no end tag are referred to as "empty" because they do not contain (wrap around) anything. These tags must still be closed with a trailing slash (/). For example: xref must be written as . You may not have any spaces between the / and >. (Although you may have a space after the final attribute: .) * Processing instructions that get sent to the transformation engine (DSSSL or XSLT) and must have a question mark at the end of the tag. All processing instructions are removed from the output stream. The XML version of this tag would look like this: * If you're converting from SGML to XML, be sure file names refer to .xml files instead of .sgml. Some tools may get confused if a .sgml file contains XML. * Tag minimizations were used in SGML instead of writing out the element name in the end tag. Example: This is foo. Tag minimizations are not supported in XML and their use is discouraged in DocBook. ________________________________________________________________ E.6.2. Changing DTDs The significant changes between version changes in the DTD involve changes to the elements (tags). Elements may be: deprecated (which means they will be removed in future versions); removed; modified; or added. Almost all authors will run into a changed or deprecated tag when going from a lower version of DocBook to a higher version. DocBook: The Definitive Guide does an excellent job of showing you how elements fit together. For each element it tells you what an element must contain (its content model) and what is may be contained in (who its parents are). For example: a note must contain a para. If you try to write Content in a note your document will not validate. Learning how elements are assembled will make it a lot easier to understand any validation errors that are thrown at you. If you get truly stuck you can also email the LDP's docbook mailing list for extra hints. Information on subscribing is available from Section 2.2 All tags that have been deprecated or changed for 4.x are listed in DocBook: The definitive guide, published by O'Reilly and Associates. This book is also available on-line from [http://www.docbook.org] http://www.docbook.org. ________________________________________________________________ E.6.2.1. Differences between version 3.x and 4.x Here are a few elements that are of particular relevance to LDP authors: * artheader. has been changed to articleinfo. Most other header elements have been renamed to info. * graphic. has been deprecated and will be removed as of DocBook 5.x. To prepare for this, start using mediaobject. There is more information about mediaobject in Section D.5. * imagedata. file formats must now be written in UPPERCASE letters. If you use lowercase or mixed-case spellings for your file formats, it will fail. Valid: Invalid: Glossary Abiword Open Source word processor. aspell Spell check program. attribute An attribute makes available extra information regarding the element on which it appears. The attributes always appear as a name-value pair on the initialization pointers (i.e. the "start tag"). Example of an attribute is id="identification", which gives the attribute id the value identification. Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) Set of overlay rules that are read by your HTML browser, which uses these rules for doing the display, layout and formatting of the XML-generated HTML file(s). CSS allows for fast changes in look and feel without having to plunge in the HTML file(s). Catalog Helper file for the display and transformation tools, which maps public identifiers and URLs to the local file system. Concurrent Versions System (CVS) A common document management system used by the LDP. DocBook An SGML (and XML) application, describing a document format that allows easy management of documentation. docbook-utils Software package easing XML conversions. Document Type Definition (DTD) A group of statements that define element names and their attributes specifying the rules for combinations and sequences. It's the DTD that defines which elements can or cannot be inserted in the given context. DSSSL DSSSL stands for Document Style Semantics and Specification Language. It's an ISO standard (ISO/IEC 10179:1996). The DSSSL standard is internationally used as a language for documents style sheets pages for SGML. element The elements describe the content's structure in a document. Most elements contain a start tag, content and a closing tag. For example a paragraph element includes all of the following This is the paragraph.. Some elements are "empty" and do not contain content and a closing tag. An example of this is a link to an external document where the URL is printed to the page. This element would include only the following PostScript (PS) Document format designed for printable documents. PS is the standard print format on UNIX(-alikes). Reviewer, review process TLDP doesn't accept just anything. Once you submit a document, it will be checked for consistency, grammar, spelling and style by a reviewer, a volunteer assigned by the review coordinator. SGML Standard Generalized Markup Language. It is an international standard (ISO8879) that specifies rules for the creation of electronic documents in markup systems, regardless of the platform used. Subject and scope Obviously, the subject is what your documentation is about. The scope defines which areas of the subject you are going to discuss, and how much detail will be involved. tag An SGML element bounded by the marks "<" and ">". Tags are used to mark the semantic or logical structure of a document. A sample is the tag to mark the beginning of a title. TeX Popular UNIX text formatting and typesetting tool. Transformation The process of converting a document from its original DocBook XML form to another format, such as PDF, HTML or PostScript. Validation The process of checking your XML code to ensure it complies with the XML DTD you declared at the top of your document. vi Improved (vIm) Popular text editor on UNIX and alike systems. WordPerfect (WP) Popular word processor, runs on many systems. XML eXtensible Markup Language. A sub-product of SGML created specifically for Internet use. xmllint Command line XML parser and validator. XMLmind XML Editor (XXE) Free but not Open XML editor. xmlto Command line XML transformation program. XSL XML Style Language. XSL is to a XML document what a DSSSL style is for a SGML document. The XSL is written in XML. Extensible Stylesheet Transformation (XSLT) Framework for managing documents, consisting of the XSLT transformation language, the XPath expression language and XSL formatting objects. ________________________________________________________________ Appendix F. GNU Free Documentation License F.1. 0. PREAMBLE The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others. This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software. We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference. ________________________________________________________________ F.2. 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The "Document", below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as "you". A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language. A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them. The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque". Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only. The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text. ________________________________________________________________ F.3. 2. VERBATIM COPYING You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3. You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies. ________________________________________________________________ F.4. 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects. If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages. If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public. It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document. ________________________________________________________________ F.5. 4. MODIFICATIONS You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version: * A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission. * B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five). * C. State on the Title Page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher. * D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document. * E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices. * F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below. * G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice. * H. Include an unaltered copy of this License. * I. Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled "History" in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence. * J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission. * K. In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications", preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein. * L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles. * M. Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version. * N. Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section. If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles. You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard. You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one. The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version . ________________________________________________________________ F.6. 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice. The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work. In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History" in the various original documents, forming one section entitled "History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements", and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections entitled "Endorsements." ________________________________________________________________ F.7. 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects. You may extract a single document from such a collection, and dispbibute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document. ________________________________________________________________ F.8. 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document , on account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document. If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate. ________________________________________________________________ F.9. 8. TRANSLATION Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail. ________________________________________________________________ F.10. 9. TERMINATION You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance. ________________________________________________________________ F.11. 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See [http://www.gnu.org/copyleft] http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/. Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. ________________________________________________________________ F.12. Addendum To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page: Copyright � YEAR YOUR NAME. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License". If you have no Invariant Sections, write "with no Invariant Sections" instead of saying which ones are invariant. If you have no Front-Cover Texts, write "no Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise for Back-Cover Texts. If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software. Notes [1] Please, take a look at the [http://cvsview.tldp.org/index.cgi/LDP/guide/docbook/LDP-Author-Guide /] source to see how to get similar results on your documents. You should also remember that the way this appears to you depends on the format in which you are reading this document: online appearance is slightly different from the PostScript or PDF ones. [2] In truth, "XSL" is actually comprised of three components: the XSLT transformation language, the XPath expression language (used by XSLT), and XSL Formatting Objects (FO) that are used for describing a page. The style sheets are actually written in XSLT and generate either HTML or (for print output) FO. The FO file is then run through a FO processor to create the actual print (PDF or PostScript) output. See the W3C web site for more information. [3] In XSL terminology, the process of generating multiple files is referred to as "chunking".